US States
Fast-moving patchwork of binding state laws under federal preemption pressure
Regulatory posture
With Washington declining to legislate, states became America's de facto AI regulators: Colorado's duty-of-care regime, Texas's TRAIGA, California's frontier-model transparency law (SB 53) and training-data disclosure rules all took effect in 2026. EO 14365's litigation task force now contests this patchwork, making US compliance a two-front battlefield.
Tracked
- In force10
- Signals4
Set last reviewed 13 August 2026
Next review 10 September 2026
Tracked instruments
- California SB 942Requires large GenAI providers (over 1M monthly users) to offer free AI-detection tools and embed latent provenance disclosures in AI-generated content; AB 853 (2025) del…Standards & AssuranceIP & Copyright
- Colorado AI ActThe first comprehensive US state AI law: developers and deployers of 'high-risk' AI systems in consequential decisions (employment, lending, housing, healthcare) owe a du…Employment & LaborStandards & Assurance
- NY RAISE ActNew York's frontier-model law requires large developers to publish safety protocols and report serious safety incidents, following California's transparency-first templat…Frontier AI Safety
- Texas TRAIGATexas's AI law (effective 1 Jan 2026) takes an intent-based approach: it prohibits developing or deploying AI to unlawfully discriminate, manipulate behavior, or produce …Biometrics & SurveillanceGovernance & Procurement
- California SB 53The first US law regulating frontier AI developers specifically: large developers must publish frontier AI frameworks, report catastrophic-risk safety incidents to the st…Frontier AI Safety
- California AB 2013Requires developers of generative AI systems made available in California to publish documentation of training datasets — sources, whether copyrighted or personal data is…IP & CopyrightData & Privacy
- Illinois HB 3773Amends the Illinois Human Rights Act to prohibit employers from using AI that discriminates in recruitment, hiring, promotion or discipline — including via zip-code proxi…Employment & Labor
- ELVIS ActThe first US law protecting voice against AI cloning: extends right-of-publicity protection to voice likeness and creates liability for distributing AI voice-cloning tool…IP & Copyright
- Utah AI Policy ActAn early, light-touch state law: companies cannot blame generative AI for consumer-protection violations, regulated professions must disclose AI use, and an Office of AI …Standards & AssuranceData & Privacy
- NYC Local Law 144The first US law mandating independent bias audits: employers using automated employment decision tools for NYC hiring must obtain annual bias audits, publish results, an…Employment & LaborStandards & Assurance
Signals
Colorado AI Act takes effect after delayed start
The first comprehensive US state AI law is now operative — as DOJ's AI Litigation Task Force weighs challenges under the December 2025 preemption executive order.
New York RAISE Act frontier-safety duties begin
New York joins California in requiring large frontier developers to publish safety protocols and report incidents.
US state AI law wave: Texas, California and Illinois statutes take effect
TRAIGA, SB 53 (frontier transparency), AB 2013 (training-data disclosure) and Illinois HB 3773 all become operative on the same day — the broadest single expansion of binding US AI law.
California enacts SB 53, the first US frontier-AI transparency law
Large frontier developers must publish safety frameworks and report catastrophic-risk incidents — the transparency-first successor to vetoed SB 1047.